1. Present Simple

example: We travel every year.

He swims twice a week.

Do you travel every year? / We don't (do not) travel every year.

Does he swim twice a week? He doesn't (does not) swim twice a week.

We use the present simple

1.1. to show regular actions: She goes to school every day.

1.2. for habits: He runs every morning.

1.3. to show that actions repeat: They celebrate X-mas together every year.

1.4. for general truth: It snows in winter.

1.5. for instructions or directions: Be quiet!

1.6. for fixed arrangements: The movie starts at 7 p.m.

Signal Words for the present simple: usually, always, never, on Mondays, every Friday, twice a week, once a month, in general, every other day.

We use the present simple (not future simple) after these words (when, before, after, as soon as, until, if, as, etc.): We'll have dinner as soon as dad comes home.

2. Present Continuous

to be + V-ing form

example: You are studying English now.

He is writing an essay at the moment.

Are you studying English? / You aren't (are not) studying English.

Is he writing an essay at the moment? He isn't (is not) writing an essay at the moment.

We use the Present Continuous

2.1. to show the action that is happening right now: He's watching TV at the moment and eating his dinner.

2.2. for situations that are happening in this time period but not right now: He is renting the flat until he can buy his own one.

2.3. to show that we have plans for the near future: My mother is cooking a turkey tonight.

Signal Words for the present continuous: now, right now, at present, presently, for the time being, currently, at the moment, at the present, nowadays, this year

1. Choose the correct options to complete the rules.

1. We use the Present Simple the Present Continuous to talk about something that happens often, sometimes or never.
2. We use the Present Simple the Present Continuous to talk about something that is happening now.
3. We use the Present Simple the Present Continuous to talk about facts that are always true.
4. We use the Present Simple the Present Continuous to talk about something that is happening around this time.

2. Read the text and fill it with correct grammar forms.

My name is Dave, and I live in a small city Cádiz in the south of Spain. Cádiz is a famous tourist attraction on the coast of the Atlantic Ocean. There are a lot of great things about living here as well as some bad ones.

All my family is living lives in Cádiz. We have got a big house not far from the ocean. Every morning before school, I go to the nearest beach and watch the waves. The water in the ocean is usually very cold, so we don't go isn't going swimming very often. Still, it's my favourite place where I spend time.

Cádiz is not a huge city, and it's far away from other places like Madrid and Barcelona. During the year, it's a great quiet place where life is always the same. Yet, the main problem with living here is the heat. In summer the temperature goes is going up to 47 degrees Celsius. There are not many trees in the city, so you can't go outside during the day.

Another thing is lots of tourists. Thousands of people from all over Spain are coming come to visit the old city and its Atlantic coast each year, and we are ok with that. Even if it means no more peace and quiet on the beaches. However, this year tourists are coming from all over the world. Restaurants and hotels work are working 24 hours a day. Local people are staying in traffic jams for many hours because most of the tourists are parking their cars in the city centre to get to the beach. I hope that when the summer is over, everything will get back to normal.

I know that every place is having has its bad sides. Cádiz is my home, and I love it no matter what.